What vs. Which: A Clear Grammar Guide for Questions

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In the world of English grammar, “what” and “which” are two common question words that can sometimes be confusing.

While they both aim to gather information, the key difference lies in the type of question being asked and the options available for the answer.

In this article, we’ll break down the rules for using “what” vs. “which” in a simple and clear way.

What Does “What” Mean?

The word “what” is used when you are asking for general information, usually with no limit to the options.

It’s the go-to question word when you don’t know the specific answer you’re looking for.

Using “What” in Questions:

When the answer could be anything

“What” is used when you have a broad range of possible answers.

You’re asking for something with no specific restrictions or guidelines.

• Example: “What is your favorite color?”
  (The person could pick any color.

  It’s an open-ended question with countless answers.)

When asking for definitions or explanations

“What” can also be used to ask for an explanation or definition of something.

• Example: “What does ‘photosynthesis’ mean?”

When asking for information about an event or occurrence

When you want to know about a particular happening, “what” will help you get a broad or general answer.

• Example: “What happened at the meeting today?”

When asking about a specific thing, person, or place

“What” is used when you’re asking about something or someone but aren’t sure which exact option to choose.

• Example: “What do you want for dinner?”

What Does “Which” Mean?

The word “which,” on the other hand, is used when you’re asking for information from a known set of options.

You’re narrowing down the possibilities, making “which” a more specific question word.

Using “Which” in Questions:

When the options are limited

“Which” is the appropriate word when you already know the choices, and you want the person to choose from them.

• Example: “Which movie would you like to watch: action or comedy?”
  (Here, you’re providing two specific options, and the answer should come from that limited list.)

When asking for a specific item from a group

“Which” can be used when there is a known group of items, and you’re asking for a selection from that group.

• Example: “Which book did you choose from the library?”

When you’re specifying a choice between a set of options

If you’re dealing with multiple alternatives, “which” can help you narrow down the field.

• Example: “Which route are we taking to get to the airport?”

When there is a context of pre-defined alternatives

“Which” helps when you’re asking about something specific within a set of options, especially when these options are already part of a conversation or situation.

• Example: “Which restaurant should we go to tonight—Italian or Mexican?”

Key Differences: What vs. Which

“What”	“Which”
Used for general information.	Used when the options are specific or limited.
The options are unknown or unlimited.	The options are known or defined.
Examples: “What is your name?”	Examples: “Which dress do you prefer?”
“What is your favorite book?”	“Which one do you want: tea or coffee?”

When to Use “What” vs. “Which” in Statements

It’s important to note that both “what” and “which” don’t just appear in questions—they can also appear in statements that express a choice or demand more specific information.

• What do you think about the new policy?
  (Here, you’re asking for an open-ended opinion.)

• Which dress do you like the most?
  (This implies that the person is deciding between a limited number of dresses.)

Quick Tip for Choosing Between “What” and “Which”

• Use “what” when the range of options is unlimited or unknown to you.

  

• Use “which” when the range of options is limited, and you’re making a selection from that specific set.

Conclusion

In summary, the main difference between “what” and “which” comes down to the scope of the question. “What” is used for general inquiries where the answer could be any number of things, while “which” is used when you’re selecting from a predefined set of choices.

By keeping this simple rule in mind, you’ll have no problem knowing when to use each one.

Now, you’re ready to ask questions with confidence and clarity!

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